This report is a deliverable for Work Package 5.6 under Sub-Project 5 (SP5) of the Capacity4Rail (C4R) project. C4R, a 4-year H2020 project was set up in 2013 to deliver innovative research to lay the foundation to support and enable the transformational change needed to achieve the 2050 vision. The key milestones that encapsulate current thinking within the EU Railway sector to achieve the EU’s vision of 2050 Railway are: • By 2020: o Framework for multi-modal transport, Information Management and Payment system • By 2030: o Modal transfer from road to rail – 30% of freight on >300km journeys o EU wide multi-modal TEN-T core network • By 2050 o Modal transfer from road to rail – 50-% of freight on >300km journeys o Rail share- 50% of medium distance passenger traffic o All core networks connected to major airports o High quality/high Capacity rail network