Automatisk trafiksäkerhetskontroll (ATK) är ett system för automatisk hastighets-övervakning med kameror där hastigheten mäts med radarteknik. Målet med trafiksäkerhetskameror är att sänka medelhastigheten på våra mest olycksdrabbade vägar och på det sättet minska antalet döda och allvarligt skadade. Trafikverket, Polismyndigheten och Åklagarmyndigheten har ett samarbetsorgan för systemet med trafiksäkerhetskameror – ATK-rådet. Rådets funktion är att förvalta ATK-systemet på effektivaste sätt och att vara rådgivande inom respek-tive myndighet.

Rapporten beskriver hur vi uppfyller de mål som är satta för ATK-verksamheten samt några större händelser under 2025.

This pre study analyzes the initial effects of U.S. trade tariffs on Swedish maritime supply chains, with a particular focus on import and export companies, shipping lines, ports, and freight forwarders. The study was conducted within the Swedish Transport Administration’s industry program for Sustainable Shipping operated by Lighthouse and is based on interviews with representatives from various stakeholder groups. The aim has been to increase understanding of how the tariffs affect logistics arrangements, cargo volumes, capacity utilization, costs, routes, and sustainability efforts. The results show that the tariffs have created volatile cargo flows, with periods of front-loading followed by a more cautious market and a reduced willingness to make long-term transport decisions. This has led to both overutilization and underutilization of capacity, affecting delivery times, terminal occupancy, and planning for both shipping lines and ports. The cost effects have been significant, with tariff costs largely passed on to end-customers through higher prices. At the same time, administrative costs have also increased due to uncertainty about tariff regulations and the need for internal coordination. Sustainability efforts have been affected both directly and indirectly. The redirection of flows, changes in transport choices, and uneven capacity utilization have led to increased emissions and inefficient resource use during certain periods. Uncertainty about future trade conditions has led companies to make more short-term decisions, which can slow investment in long-term, sustainable solutions. At the same time, some companies have begun reviewing their supply chains and are considering regionalization or friendshoring, which, in the long run, may create more robust and sustainable supply chains. The conclusion is that tariffs remain an ongoing and dynamic phenomenon, and uncertainty about future trade conditions means companies and other stakeholders must be prepared for rapid changes and continue to develop flexible, sustainable strategies. The study highlights the need for continued research on resilience, sustainability, and adaptability in global supply chains to understand better and manage the effects of trade tariffs and other disruptions.

Abstract Accurately measuring fuel savings from wind-assisted propulsion presents a technical and operational challenge. Nevertheless, such measurements are essential for assessing commercial viability, supporting investment decisions. Moreover, it can be used for verifying regulatory metrics such as the reward factor in FuelEU Maritime. Future IMO regulations, including the anticipated Greenhouse Gas Fuel Standard (GFS), are also expected to rely on full-scale data for compliance verification. This paper presents and evaluates strategies for full-scale measurement of wind-assisted propulsion performance. Approaches include short-term and long-term ON-OFF testing campaigns, as well as direct force measurements on wind propulsion devices. These methodologies are demonstrated on a vessel currently in operation, providing practical insights into their implementation and reliability. The findings aim to support both industry stakeholders and regulatory bodies in the development of robust assessment frameworks for wind propulsion technologies.

This paper presents a structured framework for analysing uncertainties in wind propulsion sea trials and introduces a synthetic sea trial methodology that enables controlled, repeatable testing of analysis procedures. As wind assisted propulsion moves toward broader commercial adoption and regulatory integration, robust and transparent verification approaches are increasingly required. The study demonstrates how ocean current, speed–power curve selection, wind measurement accuracy, and measurement noise significantly influence ON–OFF performance analysis. A new current correction method is proposed and shown to reduce error in synthetic cases. Results highlight that conducting trials at constant speed minimises bias, while apparent wind angle uncertainty remains one of the most critical contributors to overall error. Monte Carlo methods are shown to provide a practical means of estimating precision uncertainty. Finally, the paper proposes a validation acceptance criterion and recommends that future sea trials consistently report both comparison error and validation uncertainty to support emerging international standards.

This report presents the findings of the pre-study Scalable Onshore Power Supply Systems for Mid-Sized Ports, conducted within the Lighthouse/Swedish Transport Administration’s industry programme Sustainable Shipping. The study responds to the growing need for Onshore Power Supply (OPS) in ports as a result of tighter climate regulations, increasing vessel electrification, and the implementation of the EU Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation (AFIR). For many mid-sized ports, future power demand, vessel characteristics, and grid capacity remain uncertain, creating a need for OPS solutions that are flexible, scalable, and economically robust and resilient. The objective of this pre-study was to provide decision support for planning and implementing OPS systems capable of adapting over time. The work combined a review of international standards and guidelines with stakeholder input from a shipping company and a port authority. Based on defined vessel power requirements, conceptual OPS solutions were developed for low-, medium-, and high-power scenarios, covering a range of different connection strategies, system architectures, and operational conditions. The results indicate that considering scalability at an early stage is a key requirement for future-proofing OPS systems in mid-sized ports. Early design decisions related to grid connection level, system topology, and physical layout have a major influence on future expansion options and lifecycle costs. Modular OPS architectures were identified as particularly advantageous, as they support phased investments, improve efficiency at partial loads, and enable flexible operation for mixed- and changing-vessel traffic while maintaining compliance with power-quality requirements. The study also finds that Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) can play an important supporting role when applied selectively and based on realistic vessel-power profiles. In such cases, BESS can help limit peak-power demand, mitigate grid constraints, reduce exposure to power-based tariffs, and improve dynamic system performance. However, BESS is not a universal requirement and should be evaluated based on local conditions and development pathways. Consistent adoption of international standards, particularly the IEC/IEEE 80005 series, is essential to ensure safe and interoperable shore-to-ship connections. This report therefore emphasizes performance-based procurement, modular planning, and early coordination between ports, ship operators, and grid operators. Overall, this report offers practical guidance for mid-sized ports seeking to implement OPS in a way that supports gradual electrification, reduces investment risk, and facilitates long-term adaptability.

The project Safe Integration of Micromobility in the Transport System (SIMT) investigated e-scooter and bicycle safety using three complementary data sources: 1. Naturalistic data, 2. Self-reported crash data, and 3. In-depth crash database records. The project produced five peer reviewed journal papers and generated over 500 media articles reaching an estimated 900 million readers. The key findings are summarized below: Specific rider behaviors increase e-scooter crash risk. Analysis of approximately 6,900 rental e scooter trips in Gothenburg (covering 9,930 km and 709 hours of riding) identified 61 safety critical events (19 crashes and 42 near crashes). Riding single-handed increased the odds of a crash by 6.5 times, phone use by 2.7 times, group riding by 2.7 times, and rider inexperience by 2.2 times. Causal analysis confirmed that single-handed riding, phone use, inexperience, high speed, and intersection presence are mechanistic contributors to crash risk. These findings were enabled by the world’s first large-scale naturalistic e-scootering study conducted in an urban environment (e-SAFER data) and are presented in three scientific papers published in leading traffic-safety journals. E-scootering is not inherently more dangerous than e-cycling. A comparison of rental e-scooter and e-bicycle crash data across seven European cities showed that while crude injury counts indicate a 20:1 ratio in favor of e-bicycles, this ratio reverses when exposure is properly measured using high-resolution GPS data. In six of the seven cities studied, e-scooters had 2.5 to 10 times lower injury rates than e-bicycles. The higher absolute number of e-scooter crashes reflects more frequent use, not higher per-trip risk. This finding challenges conclusions from earlier studies that did not control for exposure, geography, and vehicle ownership. Fatal crash profiles differ fundamentally across micromobility modes. Analysis of 204 fatal micromobility crashes in Sweden (2016–2024), drawn from Trafikverket’s in-depth investigation database, revealed that e-scooter fatalities are predominantly single-vehicle crashes (67%), frequently involve alcohol (44%), occur disproportionately on weekends and at night, and predominantly involve privately owned vehicles (67%) rather than rental fleets. In contrast, conventional bicycle fatalities are predominantly multi-vehicle collisions (60%) involving older riders (median age 71). Head injuries are the dominant fatal injury type across all modes (56–62%), while helmet use is extremely low (0–27%). These distinct risk profiles demonstrate that a one-size-fits-all regulatory approach is insufficient and that mode-specific prevention strategies are needed. These findings are published in Journal of Safety Research article. While the first two outcomes align with the original SIMT research work packages, the third represents an additional contribution, addressing one of the work packages proposed for SIMT2— a continuation project that unfortunately was not funded. The project was disseminated extensively, including presentations at scientific conferences (e.g., ICSC) and practitioner-oriented events (e.g., POLIS). It also received substantial media attention, generating over 500 news articles or broadcast segments—ranging from local outlets (e.g., Göteborgs-Posten) to major international media (e.g., The Washington Post)—with an estimated reach of 900 million potential readers. By leveraging unprecedented data across multiple levels of Heinrich’s accident triangle, producing high-quality scientific literature, and delivering societally relevant insights, SIMT stands among the first comprehensive research efforts worldwide to address e-scooter safety—an emerging but increasingly critical topic in transportation.

Leakage of groundwater into underground facilities can subsequently cause groundwater drawdown, subsidence and subsidence damages to the built-up environment. In order to reduce the risk of damage, measures to mitigate the risks must often be implemented. The aim of this paper is to describe and demonstrate a probabilistic cost-benefit analysis approach to assess the economic profitability of investing in different risk mitigation alternatives. Since underground construction is always associated with uncertainties, the analysis uses probability distribution functions for uncertain parameters and Monte Carlo simulations to quantify probabilities of damage and implementation costs. The proposed approach is exemplified with a case study, the road tunnel project Bypass (F¨orbifart) Stockholm in eastern Sweden, for which four risk mitigation alternatives were evaluated. In conclusion, the approach helps to highlight the economic effects of different risk mitigation approaches and constitute a transparent support for decisions on implementation of risk mitigation. For the case study, the analysis indicates that the implementation costs of ~ 7000 MSEK (700 million EUR) for risk mitigation needed to fulfil the legal requirements, from the Swedish Land- and Environmental court, in the form of ambitious sealing strategies are disproportionate relative to the benefits of ~ 50 MSEK (5 million EUR) gained in the form of reduced damage risk for the built-up environment. In other words, billions SEK of taxpayers’ money are spent on unnecessary expenses to fulfill legal requirements without societal benefits. The novelty of the paper constitutes the coupling of models and combination of established methods for management of hydrogeological risks.

Implementing measures to reduce hydrogeological risks from underground construction below the groundwater table is often expensive. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) assesses whether measures give a positive societal net benefit and thereby indicates how society’s limited resources can be used efficiently. For a CBA to be valid, all costs and benefits for all affected stakeholders should be included. This implies that a thorough and comprehensive identification of cost and benefit items is the crucial basis for the development of a CBA. In this paper, a novel and comprehensive approach for identifying benefit and cost items of implementing hydrogeological riskmitigation measures is presented for application in underground construction. The novelty lies in the procedure of integrating hydrogeological knowledge of common underground type settings with the cascade model—a well-established framework for linking natural, social, and economic systems (Haines-Young and Potschin-Young, 2018)—and categorizing leakage-induced risks, and hereby the potential benefits of mitigating risks that have been systematically identified. Relevant groundwater leakage-induced cascades are presented in a general format, together with examples from the literature for providing a user-friendly tool for risk identification that considers the whole chain of events from groundwater impact to social and economic consequences. The combination of using the basis of the cascade model together with international literature results in a general method that is applicable across various hydrogeological settings. The generic arrangement of the presented cascades also enables application as new construction technologies emerge since the initiation of a cascade is not fixed to a certain technology but rather to the effects on the groundwater conditions from the construction activity. An identification of cost and benefit items in two railway tunnel projects in Sweden is also presented as a qualitative CBA to demonstrate the usability of the risk cascades as a basis for identification of items to subsequently be monetized in a quantitative CBA. Finally, the paper discusses the upcoming steps, challenges, and strategies to handle them, associated with obtaining a complete quantitative CBA.

Groundwater leakage is common when constructing below the ground surface and below the groundwater table. The leakage must be pumped away since construction work in the facilities and the operation of the facilities needs dry conditions. In areas of soft soils, the groundwater diversion can subsequently result in land subsidence and damages to buildings and other facilities. The project owner can implement safety measures in order to reduce the damage risk. There are two types of risks associated with implementing measures:

1) the risk of not implementing a necessary measure resulting in environmental impacts and damages, and

2) to implement unnecessary measures resulting in unnecessary costs.

Both these risks can be reduced by comparing measures costs and benefits. The overall aim of these report is to present and exemplify a probabilistic cost-and benefit analysis of safety measure alternatives for management of hydrogeological risks in underground project through a case study for the project Bypass Stockholm (Förbifart Stockholm). The overall aim is reached by economically valuating the consequences of the groundwater lowering induced subsidence and identifying the costs and benefits of different safety measure alternatives in comparison to a reference alternative. The result from the cost-benefit analysis indicate that the benefits in the form of reduced economic damage risk are small (around 70 million) compared to the costs for implementing the sealing measures needed to comply with the requirements for leakage stated in the permit for the project (several billions). The cost-benefit analysis also exemplifies the value of using a structured model for evaluating the profitability of different safety measure alternatives.

With an increased general threat level affecting Sweden, the intelligence threat is becoming more pronounced. The large volume of publicly available data can potentially reveal information that compromises the protection of security-sensitive activities when combined. Through modern analytical methods, large volumes of heterogeneous data can be co-analyzed to infer information not explicitly stated in the original data. This creates challenges for secrecy and risk assessments prior to the publication of open data or public records.

This report presents a study that takes an initial step toward understanding the risks to secrecy and protective security arising from adversaries’ potential to exploit public data in an intelligence context. The long-term goal is to contribute the knowledge needed to conduct thorough and well-grounded secrecy and risk assessments that also address problems arising from public data.

This preliminary study is exploratory in nature and provides an overview of intelligence operations, sources of public data, and methods for processing and analyzing collected data. The report also discusses additional areas and perspectives that must be addressed in future research, such as the extents of the data sets, techniques for advanced analyses, risk assessment methodology, competence needs, ethics, and law.