The safe operation of ships and the safe handling of cargo are core principles for shipping companies.
In addition to focusing on the safety of their own operations, shipping companies take steps to protect
the public health and safety in the countries they transit. Safety in shipping has improved significantly
in the last decade with shipping losses declining by more than 50% since 2005. While ship owners might
only work reactively with safety, the Scandinavian approach has been to establish pro-active methods
of working with safety involving humans and learning from each other.
SvenskSjöfart, together with the Swedish Transport Agency, has made a joint effort and created
ForeSea – an information system on accidents, incidents and near misses at sea. The common incident
database transparency, knowledge transfer and shared knowledge is prevailing. What distinguishes
ForeSea from other systems is that the information in the database can be used for identification of
safety analyzes of specific events, thus contributing to preventive maritime safety.
The main goal of the ForeSea system is to reduce risks of maritime accidents, by sharing and
transferring safety information between operators and management. Allowing formulation of safety
analyses, assessments and safety reports. The main objective of the project has been to perform
quality assurance of the system, analyze methods, ensure availability for research project and software
training modules, make adaption; technical interface and system customization as well as IT
improvements, training materials and dissemination.
This report outlines the work and findings of the ForeSea 2.0 - Development of a Maritime safety
system project as performed during the year of 2017 and 2018.
Humans, especially the crews have an important role in the safe operation of ships. The crews, given
the right circumstances are able to safely maneuver, navigate, maintain and operate the vessel. The
crews are dependent on many factors that enable this work, from the design of the vessel and work
place, the procedures, processes given by the ship management and the business approach the ship
owner applies to the vessel.
The introduction of more automation requires a systems perspective and will not be a straight forward
development. Total autonomy as proposed by some technology developers is often neglecting the
functions and roles that humans have on maritime safety and the business case for increased
automation neglects the full contribution of humans onboard. Total autonomy will therefore require
high-end products that are built on standardized complex systems. Controlling and monitoring these
systems will set new requirements on operators to uphold situated understanding in these complex
systems.
Many aspects will be affected by increased automation towards smart shipping - regulations,
organization, workplace, working methods, HMI, roles and skills. To cope with the foreseen changes,
it is important to develop further training, skills, experience, openness in the organization and
familiarization giving the future crews the right pre-conditions to succeed in the future, as well as
mindful design and integration of newly automated systems
In the future, the ISM code will likely have to change to improve the interaction between land
organisations and crews in order to facilitate better integration of split responsibilities and split
physical locations by the management system which in the long run allows for an increased land-based
monitoring and control of vessels’ systems and move certain tasks to shore to lower workload onboard,
which should be one of the main drivers for automation.
The results from this project ensure the quality of the tools and the output and the communication
via the new homepage (https://foresea.org/), folders and roll-ups ensures a smooth dissemination
and spreading.
Svensk sjöfart , 2019. , p. 33