The FALCON project (“Freight and Logistics in a Multimodal Context”) is a collaborative effort funded by the Conference of European Directors of Roads (CEDR), and has set out to address ambitious carbon emission reduction targets set by the European Commission. A primary goal of the project is to define a potential Performance-Based Standards (PBS) framework for cross-border road freight transport in Europe. Such a framework would accommodate high capacity vehicles, which have been shown to have a large beneficial impact on road freight transport efficiency and emissions. This report details the work of FALCON tasks 3.1, 3.5 and 3.6, in which a proposed PBS framework is formulated through a simulation-based analysis of on-road vehicle behaviour and impact on the infrastructure.